
Nature (including humans) Creates Increasingly Complex Systems
Hydrogen and oxygen atoms combine to form water molecules, and when they do so, they join in a definite and essential pattern. Systems, including Complex Systems, are patterns in motion. They are dynamic patterns, under “command” of energy (e.g., heat, light, kinetic push, electric current, etc.) For example, flowers form in brightly colored patterns, to attract pollinating insects. In technology, the first telephones have evolved into today’s cell phones. Modern entrepreneurs often join together to create corporations, including a hierarchical pattern of ranks — from corporate executives down to team supervisors and then to workers. Other common patterns found in complex social systems are branching, tribal, collegial, hub-and-spoke, network, and bureaucratic patterns, all of which are studied in anthropology and sociology.